Carburetor



March 20, 1945. c. CLAVERING CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 28, 1942 2Sheets-Sheet l Patented Mar. 20, 1945 v vCARBURETOR Gunnar Clavering,Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as-

signor of fifteen per cent to Kathleen Clavering, twenty per cent. toJamesW. Ralston, five per cent to Alfred E. Matthews, it five per centto. Albert E. Reader, and forty per cent to Mildred C. Johnston, all ofToronto ontario, Canada Application September 28, 1942, Serial No.460,624

8 Claims.

i This invention relates to improvements in carburetors particularly foruse with the ordinary type of internal combustion engines used in motorvehicles and the principal object of the invention is to devise astructure which will enable the use of a heavier fuel than is ordinarilyemon either side of and parallel with the centra-l cylindrical passage3. l i

l The end of the central passage. 3 opposite to that connectedwiththechamber 4 is connected with a converging passage 6 arranged intheextension 1 of the casingin which the throttle conployed and isparticularly adapted for use with fuel oil.

- The principal feature of the invention consists inproviding means forconducting the fuel oil from a well or reservoir by capillary attractionand the influence of the engine suction which will present extensive oilsaturated surfaces to the flow of air thereover to effect thecarburetion of such air and produce an explosive mixture capable ofoperating an internal combustion engine. A further important-featureconsists in the arrangement of an oil duct leading to the carburetionchamber having a wick arranged therein to break up the oil stream, aforce pump being connected with said oil duct to efiect a forced flow ofoil through said wick to provide an instantaneous distribution of oil inthe carburetion chamber to efiect immediate carburetion for starting theengine.

=Astill further feature of the invention consists in the novelconstruction of the air passage through the carburetion chamber wherebyturbulence in the air flow is'effected in the locality of the oilsaturated surfaces whereby the maximum of carburetion of the air may beeffected.

Another feature of importance consists in'the conduction of heated airaround the oil conduc- I-l of Figure 3.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the carburetor takenon the line 2 -2 of s a longitudinal cylindrical passage 3 extends to awidened chamber 4 at one end which also communicates withlongitudinalchannels arranged trolvalve 8 is mounted. i

Thelongitudinal side channelsi are connected at the ends opposite to thechamber 4 with a passage 9 extending beneath the passage 6 and thepassage 9 open through the flanged side wall Ill in which an air inletvalve is arranged. The

flanged opening from the passage disconnected with a suitable sourceofheated air by a pipe I I.

The preferred form of air inlet valve is shown in enlarged detail inFigure 5 and consists of a flange l2 formed with a valve seat l3 securedto the flange 10 and having a spider extension Min which is slidablymounted a spindle which is rigid with a spider extension [6 of a ringvalve I! which engages, the seat {3. The ring valve I1 is provided witha valve seat l8 which is engaged by a valve 19, the spindle. of which isslidably mounted in a spider extension 2| carried by the ring valve. l

Coilcompression springs l5 and 2B surround the valve spindles l5 and 20respectively. The spring 20' is lighter than the spring l5 and opensunder a light pressure to admit a restricted flow of air and as theengine throttle is opened and a greater flow is required the large valveopens to increase the inlet area.

A chamber 22 which is shown of -D. shape in cross section is formed atone side of the main casing of the carburetor and forms the float charmber for controlling the supply of fuel. An air passage 23 is formed inthe wall .ofthe chamber 2 2 and communicates at one end withoneof theside channels 5 at theinlet end, the other end. thereof opening into thechamber 4'. A passage for heated air is thus provided chamber. l Asuitable type of float valve 24 is mounted in a boss 25 in the side wallof the float chamber surrounding ,the float and an adjusting yoke 26carried by the threaded spindle 21 mounted in thecap of the float cham'-ber supports the float 28.

Within the central portion of the bottom section i of the carburetorbetween the side channels 5 are formed a pair of vertical cylindricalorifices 29 and within each of said orifices is arranged a cylindricalmember 3 0'provided with a flange ill at the top which'supports the saidmember above thebottom of the orifice; thus forming a well space 32 atthe bottom.

Each of the members is provided with a central-orifice of circular crosssection formed with inwardly converging walls 33 forming a convergentthroat which is flared outwardly at the top.

Cords 34 of textile wicking are laid longitudinally of the circularorifice of the member 30 and these are fitted snugly together in thethroat portion with the upper ends turned outwardly over the tops ofsaid members and secured by binding rings 35. The bottom ends of thecords 34 extend outwardly and are secured by the binding rings 36. Thesecords are immersed in the fuel oil 'to the level determined by the'floatvalve and the oil is conducted upwardly by capillary attraction to theoutwardly flaring upper ends which are located on the bottom of thecarburetion chamber 3. l

A flanged block 31. closes the bottom ends of the orifices 29 andchannels 38 arranged horizontally of the block lead to the chambers 32from the float chamber 22.

Spindles 39 slidably and non-rotatably mounted in packing glands 40 inthe block 31 extend upwardly into the members 30 and are provided withheads 4! bevelled to correspond with the bevel of the convergentthroats. These bevelled heads are adapted to be adjustedvertically toengage the oil-conducting cords to regulate the upward flow of oil. Thelower ends of the spindles 39 are rotatably mounted in nuts 42 threadedin theblock 31. r

The cap section 2 is formed with a pair of dome-like cavities 2'arranged vertically over the vertical orifices 29 and form means forcreating turbulence in the air stream flowing through the chamber 3' atpoints opposite the said orifices.

Between the vertical orifices 29 is formed a' is a wick 41 of cordswhich flare outwardly at the top and are secured atthe bottom b afastening ring 48.

A duct 49 extends laterally from the bottom end of the duct 43and isconnected by a pipe 50 to the discharge opening 5| of a small force pump52 mounted on the bottom section I of the The extremities of the Venturibars support a drip flange 60 to prevent any surplus of oil from thewicks 34' dripping into the air channels leading to the carburetionchamber 3.

In the use of this carburetor anoil supply tube is connected with theentrance to the float valve 24 and oil is admitted to the chamber 22 andmaintained at the desired level. The oil flows from the chamber 22through the channels 38 the side passages 5 and around the float;chamber through passage 23 to the chamber 4 which directs it up to theinner end of the central carburetion passage 3. The heated air flowinthrough these passages heats the oil and then entering-the passage 3,itstrikes the dome cavities 2' arranged over the tops of the wick memhers3.3. The heated air thus swirling over the carburetor in a suitableposition- A ball valve 53 is provided in the discharge orifice to permitthe new r oil from the pump ylinder but a ts as a check to prevent backflow on the up-stroke of the pump piston 54.

Oil is conducted to the pump by a; pipe 55 which is provided with a.check valve 56 .to allow inflow when the piston is raised.

The rod of the piston 54 is connected to a lever 51 suitably mounted onthe pump cylinder and said lever is connected in a suitable manner withthe accelerator pedal of the vehicle on which the carburetor is.installed so that on the initial impulse of the acceleratorthe. pumppiston is by the suction of the engine.

oil-saturated areas picks up oil vapours to form an explosive mixture.

Th engine suctiorf exerts a lifting influence in the central orifices ofth wick-bearing membars, 30 and the oil flow is regulated in accordancewith engine requirements by adjusting the members 41 to engage the wickswith the proper repressive pressure.

In starting theengine, the surface oil at the topv of the Wicks may havereceded and it is desirable that oil be projected into the air passage 3to mix with the air drawn through such passage This is effected bytheloperation of the force pump described, the plunger. of which isconnected with the throttle or accelerator pedal. The forcefulprojection of a small quantityof oil through the duct 43 and wick 41sprays oil into the air flowing through the passage 3 and this isaccelerated by the flow through the Venturi tube.

A carburetor such as described will produce an explosive mixture fromfuel oil which has carburetion chamber through which a stream of air isdrawn, an oil supply well arranged below said chamber, a plurality ofopenings arranged longitudinally in the bottom of said tubularcarburetion chamber and extending downwardly into said oil supply well,wicks arranged in said openings and conducting oil by capillaryattraction from said 011 well to the bottom of saidcarburetion chamber,a force pump connected with an oil supply, and an oil duct leading fromthe discharge of said oil pump and directly entering the bottom of saidcarburetion chamber between a pair of said wick openings to project ajet of oil ing around said oil well and communicating with the inlet endof said carburetion chamberto conduct a flow of heated air around theoil well and deliver same to the carburetion chamber, a wick in said oilwell extending to the top opening thereof to conduct oil to the floor ofsaid carburetion chamber, and adjustable means for regulating the flowof oil through said wick.'

3. A carburetor as claimed in claim 2 having a tubular member arrangedin said oil well and extending through thetop opening-thereof and formedwith a converging throat and supporting said wick, said wick having itsupper end spread laterally outward, and annular means encircling andsecuring theoutspreadupper end of said Wick on the floor of thecarburetion chamber.

. 4. A carbiuetor as claimed in claim 2 having a tubular member arrangedin said oil well and extending through the top opening thereof andformed with a converging throat'and supporting said wick, a verticallyadjustable spindle extending through the bottom of said oil well formedbelow said chamber having an opening in the top extending through thefloor of said chamber intermediate of its length, an air passageextending around said oil well and communicating with the inlet end ofsaid carburetion chamber to conduct a flow of heated air around the oilwell and deliver same to the combustion chamber, a float.

chamber at one side of said oil well having an air duct extendingtherearound and communicating with the air passage extending around theoil well, andmeans for feeding oil to the floor of the carburetionchamber.

6. A carburetor having a horizontal tubular A carburetion chamberthrough which a stream of air is drawn, an oil supply well arrangedbelow said chamber,; means for conducting fuel oil upwardly from saidwell by capillary attraction entering said carburetion chamberintermediate of 1 its length and presenting'oil saturated surfaces onthe bottom of said chamber and having an oil duct leading directly tothe carburetion chamher, a force pumpconnected with said oil duct toforce a jet of oilto said carburetion chamber, and a wick arranged atthe outlet of said oil duct adapted to break up the oil jet enteringsaid carburetion chamber.

7. A carburetor as claimed in claim Shaving supply and isprovided with apiston, and manually operable means is connected with said pump pistonfor operating same. y

GUNNAR CLAVERING.

